Manhattan Project Essays (3447 words) - Manhattan Project

Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project Imagine a weapon so powerful that it could literally destroy the world, a weapon that vaporizes anything living thing within its radius. In an effort by the United States, which also involved the United Kingdom and Canada, was a project to design and build the first atomic bomb, the project was code named the Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was one of the most secretive projects in the history of the United States. It took place during World War II and its purpose was to create a bomb by splitting atoms apart. This project was a success and created one of the most devastating bombs ever used by mankind, the atomic bomb. The president at the time, Harry S. Truman, had to face the many factors that were involved in making the decision to drop the bomb. In this paper I will discuss those and the events leading up to The Manhattan Project. The factors in dropping the bomb can be put into three categories: military, moral and political. I will also go into the scientific means of developing such a weapon. Albert Einstein was living in Germany at the time Hitler came into power. Albert Einstein, Edward Teller, Leo Szilard and the rest of his colleagues wrote a letter in August 1939 to warn the United States that Germany was researching and developing nuclear weapons. They were afraid that once Germany finished building the bomb, they would use it on the United States. (Cayton, Perry, Winkler, 1995, pg. 786). When President Franklin Delano Roosevelt received the letter, he was both amazed and scared. He was amazed that science could make such a devastating weapon, a weapon that could destroy an entire city. President Roosevelt then quickly assembled the Manhattan Project so they could build the bomb before Germany. The Manhattan Project started in 1942 in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The name "Manhattan Project" was secretly coded as a United States effort in an attempt to build an atom bomb during World War II. It was named after the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps of Engineers, because most of the research was done in New York City. In Oak Ridge there were tests for separating a rare Uranium-235 (U-235) an unstable isotope from Uranium-238 (U-238). General Leslie Groves was chosen by President Roosevelt to lead the project. Grove's major task was to build the huge industrial facilities needed to separate the small amounts of rare uranium-235, uranium-238 and plutonium needed for a bomb. He built the facilities on an isolated mesa at Los Alamos, New Mexico. The project employed nearly 129,000 people. But out of those couple of thousands of scientists, there were six scientists who contributed to the project the most: Neils Bohr, Joseph Carter, Glen Seaborg, Enrico Fermi, Richard Feynman, and Albert Einstein. (Wyden, 1984, pg. 113) Albert Einstein predicted that mass could be converted into energy early in the century. The idea of energy from atoms comes from Einstein's equation: E=mc2. Atoms consist of three sub-atomic particles. The particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons. The neutrons and protons are closely clustered to form the nucleus and the electrons orbit around the nucleus. The actual mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the neutrons and protons that make up the nucleus. The difference is the mass equivalent of the energy of formation of the nucleus from its constituents. The conversion of mass to energy follows Einstein's equation, E=mc2, where E is the energy equivalent to a mass, m, and c is the velocity of light. His theory was confirmed experimentally by John D. Cockcroft and Ernest Walton in 1932. In 1939, Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission. (Lanouette, 1992, pg. 82) Fission is a process where certain nuclei of heavy atoms split up into two nearly equal parts when they are bombarded by neutrons. Neutrons are used to split the atom because they have no electrical charge. If scientist used a particle that has a positive charge, the uranium atom would repel the positive charge particle. (Taffel, 1992, pg. 790) Neils Bohr discovered that U-235 had the capability to create fission. To initiate fission, a nucleus from a

Negotiations Between Cultures

Negotiations Between Cultures International business has immensely been affected by culture, especially by the negotiation between cultures in the sense that it takes place among different nations. Businesses interact with cultures in their endeavor to achieve their objectives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiations Between Cultures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This relationship differs from culture to culture because every culture has a unique effect on the process of running business. Negotiation between cultures often determines the strategy and operation of business because cultures set the background of business operation (Rai Neelankavil, 2009). Business activities do not take place in a vacuum; in fact, the most flourishing business ought to be aware of alterations in the cultures along with societies where they operate. As society changes along with culture, commercial entities must adjust to survive, stay relevant and counter competition in the market. Therefore, it is obvious that businesses operate in societies which are governed by culture. Culture determines how a society operates and has a wide impact on the operations of any business enterprise. Businesses must learn how to operate in the cultural contexts of their areas; yet these environments change making the businesses vulnerable to several challenges that can threaten their survival and operation. To thrive and gain advantage over their competitors, businesses require adjusting to the cultural changes in societies and regions that they run in. Accordingly, business organizations have to shift from one cultural setting to another in their pursuit of the set business objectives. Such a movement requires businesses to develop a technique through which they can operate in different cultures using different methods (Tuleja et al, 2008). This is referred to as negotiating with culture. Every business must negotiate with culture in order to successfu lly operate. Negotiating in a society which culture is consistently changing, businesses must adapt fast in order to compete in such an environment. The second is the aspect of operating in different cultural setting where the businesses must negotiate with the different cultures. In all the spheres, negotiating with culture affects international business in a significant way, more particularly, through influencing the activities and mode of operation of the businesses in distinct cultural settings.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Owing to the fact that international business is all about operating beyond national boundaries, it is obvious that international companies should transverse numerous cultural settings in their endeavor to do business. Negotiations between cultures involve an endeavor by organizations to run business within different cultural settings by taking cognizance of the underlying cultural parameters that influence how it is done and develops a mechanism of overcoming any obstacles involved. The issues influenced by cultural negotiations include marketing, advertisement, business strategy and communication (Mitchel, 2000). These are the prime factors that determine the way a business operates in numerous cultural settings. Additionally, the tastes, needs and requirements of customers change from culture to culture making it possible for a business to properly understand culture in their places of operation. Culture is of profound implication to the existence and operation of business organization and a clear appreciation of culture along with its underlying parameters which are crucial for the success of businesses operating in the international market. Negotiation between cultures is a process through which businesses constructively interact with different cultures or the shifting nature of the same culture in the cour se of business activities. In essence, the way of negotiating with culture is different from one culture to another and has an immense influence on the process of conducting international business. Reference List Mitchel, C. (2000). A short course on international business culture. New York: World Trade Press. Rai, A. Neelankavil, J. (2009). Basics of international business. Washington: ME sharp.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiations Between Cultures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tuleja et al. (2008). Intercultural communication for business. Washington: Cengage Learning.

What Makes a Compelling Romance Novel

What Makes a Compelling Romance Novel What Makes a Compelling Romance Novel? Ann Leslie Tuttle worked at Harlequin Books - a division of HarperCollins - for over 20 years, most recently as a Senior Editor. During her tenure, she acquired and edited NYT and USA Today bestselling authors in romance, women's fiction, and mystery, including Sylvia Day, Julia London, Lisa Renee Jones, and Hank Phillippi Ryan.If you know how a story will end, why would you want to read the book? That’s the question that romance writers constantly struggle to answer. Readers come to the genre knowing they will (almost) always get a happy ending in which the protagonists find and profess their love.To entice readers, writers must therefore deliver a fresh premise with strong, evocative prose and pacing that gets to the heart of the story - usually beginning with the protagonists meeting in the first chapter. These will be the elements that usually prompt someone to pick up the book and start reading. Most importantly, the writer’s crafting of the two main characters and their emotional journeys is what will keep the reader hooked.Having been an editor working on romance titles for well over 20 years, I’ve seen both debut and experienced authors struggle to create compelling characters whose emotional push-and-pull is strong enough to sustain the length of the story. Over the years, I’ve pulled together my own list of trouble spots - and ways to surmount them - that I’d like to share with you now. See what makes a compelling romance novel here! Trouble Spot #1: CharacterizationThe best lesson I ever received in characterization was at a writers’ conference, where an author who was pitching me told me that she wrote horoscopes for a living. The writer took that skill and developed such detailed horoscopes for the hero and heroine in her story that she knew precisely who they were regarding their tastes and personalities, what obstacles they faced, what had occurred in their past or backstory, etc.While I wouldn’t recommend that every romance writer start building astrological charts, I would encourage you to make sure you really know who your protagonists are. Delve deeply into their stories so that they’re not just one-dimensional stereotypes. Indeed, the more (believable) hardships they’ve endured in the past, the more material you will have to mine.Keep in mind that while stories featuring large families are popular with readers, it can often be a challenge to write about a presumably tortured hero who comes from such a loving, happy home. But if he’s served in the military or lost a close friend in a childhood accident, he may have other emotional reserves upon which you can draw. id=attachment_15175 style="width: 910px" class="wp-caption aligncenter">"Oh, Mr. Darcy!" (image: BBC)In the end, it’s all about the emotional conflict our romantic leads must surmount that makes their story so compellingThe emotional conflict is not to be confused with the external one. The external conflict usually revolves around an issue of miscommunication, perhaps differing career and money goals - or if you want to kick it up a notch, an external threat. (This is particularly effective when one of the main characters is on the run, or in hiding.)For example, the heroine might have left town eight years ago, believing her high school boyfriend didn’t love her simply because he never got her note or phone call - this is the external conflict they must resolve if they want to patch things up. Or maybe the protagonists believe they can’t be together because one lives on the East Coast and the other on the West Coast. These kinds of conflicts can usually be o vercome by a heartfelt conversation or compromise, but it sometimes involves uncovering the main players in a global threat and taking them down.A strong emotional conflict boils down to either a question of trust or fear. For instance, if your hero lost his first wife to cancer, it’s understandable that he won’t want to run the risk of ever experiencing that all-consuming pain again. Or if the heroine shared her deepest secret with an ex who betrayed her trust, she’s probably reluctant to open up to a new partner.In each of these emotionally fraught cases, the conflict is deep and will require some growth on the part of your hero and heroine to recognize that, despite high stakes involved, love is worth putting oneself on the line.Even if one of your characters first realizes and even confesses their love, the resolution of the conflict should take up most of the book (Elizabeth and Darcy, anyone?). If you’ve created a conflict that is sufficiently compe lling, there should not be an instance where both the protagonists confess their love, only to be driven apart again by some external threat or unsolved thread.Yes, readers may know how your story ends. But with multi-faceted protagonists, emotional appeal, great plotting, and a strong conflict, they will still want to travel with the characters as they overcome each milestone on their journey to finding love.For more help with writing great romance, you can also take inspiration from any of the books on these lists:The 10 Best Historical Romance Novels Like OutlanderThe 25 Best Romance Authors and Their Must-Reads30+ Best Young Adult Romance Books That You Can't Miss Out On40+ Paranormal Romance Books with BiteWhat are some of your experiences writing romances? Share your thoughts in the comments below!

Substance requirement in global tax planning Research Paper

Substance requirement in global tax planning - Research Paper Example As tax planning possibilities increase for companies, particularly holding companies, the research paper agreed with Jourdan (2009) who found that â€Å"concerned states are eagerly trying to protect their tax base by developing anti-tax-avoidance legislation – often in ways that disregard the character of the activity conducted.† It is based on this recurring development that the research makes a very strong advocacy to companies to adapt radical means and measures of ensuring that the payment of taxes does not become a hitch to their financial growth. Part from the setting up of holding companies to be used in qualifying for tax exemptions, the research therefore concludes that companies could rather use re-basement of their assets. Some of the key findings made from the research paper on tax strategizing are given in the bullet points below: The key advantage associated with substance in international tax planning is that it helps the multinational company in better tracking its true financial assets with or without tax reliefs The use of claiming treaty benefit is one of the safest legal means of gaining legitimate reliefs from taxes.

Watch the movie Dracula Untold Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Watch the Dracula Untold - Movie Review Example Vlad decides to ask the vampire for assistance and the monster tells him that he could only get temporary power by drinking its blood. The creature warns him that he would become human again if he defies the deep yearning for human blood for three days. Vlad agrees to drink the creature’s blood, and he acquires sharp senses and more strength after few minutes. The creature’s blood also gives Vlad the capacity to change into a flock of bats. Regrettably, Vlad could stay under direct sunlight to avoid burning. McLaren writes that Vlad returns to Transylvania only to meet resistance from the Turkish soldiers. He kills them alone, but his wife dies trying to save their son (2). Vlad saves his city, and he later meets another woman called Mina. The film director leaves the viewers hanging by introducing the vampire that had cursed Vlad earlier. The film ends with the vampire uttering the words â€Å"Let the Games

Value of Time Essay Example for Free

Value of Time Essay The value of time is limitless, it cannot be measured. The value of time arises from the fact that human life is short but he has to do a lot of works within the short span of time. Each work requires some time. If the work is not finished in time, it may not be finished at all. That explains why time is so valuable and it should not be lost for nothing. Tome goes on like the tide of a river and it never waits for anybody. Lost time can never be found again. Misuse of time is a great crime and it makes life barren like a desert. He is really great who makes the most of every moment in useful works. Success is bound to come to his doorstep. Man should utilize time properly. He should be prepared to spend some time for reading, writing, taking rest and recreation. If he becomes forgetful of time, he is sure to lose and fail. No great work can be done without a strong sense of time. The children should learn the value of time from their childhood. They can learn it at home or at school from their parents, teachers and superiors. This can be better learnt from examples of their superiors. It is a part of discipline that makes life worthwhile and meaningful. Of course, to be loyal to time does not mean that one has to be a slave of time. Value of time ennobles a person and gives him fame. Slavery is blind subservience and should be abandoned. Value of time indicates that a person should not waste time; rather he should spend every minute in useful work. This will make his life worth living and glorious. . Introduction: The Value Of Time In Our Life And In This World Knows No Bound. Time Has Stated Its Match From The Very Beginning Of The Creation Of The World. This Very Ancient March Has No End. But We Have Been Sent This World. This Very Ancient March Has No End. But We Have Been Sent To This World For A Very Short Time. So, We Have No Alternative To Make Our Life Successful Without The Proper Use Of Time. Transistorizes Of Time: Time Never Stays For Any Body. It Just Goes On And On. The Popular Saying Goes- â€Å"Time And Tide Wait For None†. So, Every Moment Is Very Precious. Our Success Depends On The Best Use Of These Moments. We Must Make A Proper Division Of Our Time And Do Our Duties Properly. Only Then We Will Be Able To Go Forward And Reach Our Goal. On The Other Hand, In We Fail To Make The Right Use Of Our Time; We Will Have To Drag Miserable Existence. Lesson From History: History Provides Many Examples Of The Importance Of Time. One of Napoleon’s Generals Was A Few Minutes Late in Water-Loose Battle Field. As A Result, Napoleon Had To Face A Terrible Defeat. On The Other Hand, Robert Bruce, Abraham Lincoln, Einstein, Aristotle And Such Other Great Persons Led Their Lives To The Top Of Success Making The Best Use Of Time. Conclusion: We Are The Best Creation Of Allah. We Owe To Him Because He Has Sent Us To This Beautiful Earth. To Pay Off Our Debt To Some Extent, We Must Make Proper Use Of Time. Because Anything Good Can Be Done Or Achieved Only Through Making The Best Use Of Time. Write a Short Essay on the Value of Time by Devansha The most remarkable feature of time is its preciousness. Its value is unfathomable and its power is inestimable. Its potential is something which we cannot calculate. A minute is enough to win a victory. A second is enough to make you the richest man in the world. A fraction of a second can make a difference between life and death. Every moment brings with it thousands of golden opportunities. Every minute is a store-house of ‘chances’. Therefore, we must not allow such precious time to slip away. If we do so, we allow those golden opportunities and chances to slip away too. As we go through life, we realise for ourselves that, if there is anything in the world which will never come back, it is time. Once time crosses into the threshold of the past, it never again returns to the ‘present’. Those who have realised this basic truth of life, never allow time to pass away unused. To utilise time fruitfully, we must take concrete steps as to how we are going to use it and what we are going to do with it. Until and unless we set up a time-table for ourselves and make a general division of time for the various tasks and jobs at our hand, time will keep slipping away with its golden opportunities unnoticed. Unplanned living is the surest way to kill time. Those individuals who plan beforehand, seldom fail. They are able to start their work on time and are able to complete it in time. Having worked out every minute of the allotted time, they do not hurry. Planning and proper implementation of that always brings in success. Those who plan their living and activities seldom face heartaches, mental tensions and worries. A careful glance into the life history of successful men and women all over the world will reveal the basic truth that success is the outcome of planned utilisation of time. Therefore, if we want to succeed in life we ought to chalk out what we are going to do with the minutes, hours, days, months and years at our disposal. This is the first step to success. Secondly, work must never be postponed; tomorrow’ may never materialise. We can only be sure of the present’ which in our hands. Postponement and laziness are the ropes which strangle time. Thus, time can create us or destroy us. It all depends on how we utilise time. Time is said to be eternal. It is said that it has neither a beginning nor an end. Yet men are able to measure it as years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds. They have also given meanings to the words – past, present and future. True, time has a meaning. It moves. What was yesterday is not today. What is today will not be tomorrow. Yesterday is gone. Today is and tomorrow is yet to come. Yet time is said to have no holiday. It exists always. The entire creation moves on according to a time pattern. There is birth, growth and death. There is time for everything. Plants flower and give fruits. Seasons come according to time. A child is born, grows into boyhood, adolescence, youth, middle age and old age according to age and time. Every movement of creation is linked with time. One cannot grow paddy in a month nor can a child become an adult in a year. Everything is fixed to a time-frame. Time is a free force. It does not wait for any one. It is commonly said that time and tide waits for no man. Time is money. A minute not usefully spent is an eternal loss. You can never get back the lost minute. One has to strike the iron when it is hot. The time flies and never returns. If you waste time it wastes you. ‘Time is the best medicine’, says Ovid. It is said that time heals all wounds and it even heals what reason cannot. All human beings are emotional. When negative emotions like fear, anger, envy and jealousy overtake them, they lose reason and act in haste leading to serious consequences. They may repent later, as emotions cool down. But the damage done is done and remains forever. Even that damage can heal with the passage of time. People involved may forget and forgive. That is the importance of time and its healing touch. Time is said to be a wise counselor. Passage of time allows an individual to grow. This growth gives experience. Experience helps decision making. Time reminds you to act and to act wisely. The wisest make use of the time fruitfully. It is said that the wisest grieve the most at the loss of time. Those who do not know the importance of time, waste it or rather they spend it doing nothing. There is a proverb which says that killing time is not a murder; it is a suicide. It means, by wasting time one is not harming others. On the other hand one is harming himself. Ordinary people merely go on thinking how to spend their time. The wise and talented make use of it fruitfully. Some people always complain that there is no time fort them to do anything. That is not correct. If one wisely plans his activities, there will be time for everything happening according to time. A man who is a part of nature cannot complain against time. Time is powerful. It conquers all. Men are only to obey it. Man cannot say that he has nothing of his own. Time which is valuable is all his own. If you are not on time and miss the train, you miss it fore-ever. So also the time, once you miss it, it flies off. You can never catch it. Hence it is called fleeting time. Let us learn to use our time fruitfully. This is the key to success. The importance of time Time is really a wonderful thing. It can be defined satisfactorily. It has no beginning and no end. All things are born in time, grow in time and then decay and die in time. Time moves at its own pace. It cannot be commanded. It does not wait for kings or princess. It cannot be analyzed We are conscious of the passing time and its importance. We have developed clocks and watches to indicate its flow. We have invented dates, days and years to indicate and measure it in our own way, but it is really indivisible and immeasurable. People say time is money. But it is more precious than money. Money lost can be recovered, but not the time lost. A moment lost is lost for ever. Time is ever changing. Change is the law of nature. Nothing is independent of change or time. Man’s life is very short but the work is much and difficult. There are so much to do. Therefore, we should not waste even a single minute. Every breath, every second should be used properly and meaningfully. Our school work, home task, hours of rest and sleep, time of recreation and exercise, etc. , should be well planned and organized. We should never postpone doing good and important things. We should never be idle when we ought to be working hard. Leisure is enjoyable only after fruitful hardwork. It is our duty to not to leave any work till tomorrow that can be done today and now. We should not waste time. Actually, nobody can waste time. It is we who are being wasted by time. Economy is time is very important. Great men and women use their moments most profitably and economically. It is through this method that they have invented great things, discovered wonderful things and left their footprints on the sands of time. Even our spare time should be wisely used. It should be utilized in pursuit of healthy and meaningful hobbies. We may study bookies, learn music, play with children, grow a garden, learn to do something new and useful in our leisure. Time cannot be [continues].

The Presence and Justification of Autoeroticism in The Rocking-Horse Wi

D.H. Lawrence’s writings often mirror elements of his own life, though they contain decidedly fictitious components. The characters in Lawrence’s The Rocking- Horse Winner closely resemble his own family. Like Paul, Lawrence was seeking a way out of the misfortune of pre-war London living. Unlike Lawrence, Paul is already well-to-do. Paul’s search consists of a yearning for affection and acceptance. In The Rocking-Horse Winner a young boy finds a certain calling within himself that serves to vastly improve the standing of his entire family. However, Paul’s supernatural ability to choose the winners of horse races is but a cursory assessment of the story’s secrets. Digging deeper, the reader becomes aware of a darker meaning to Paul’s wild rides. There are two things are revealed throughout Paul’s character development; first, that he is seeking his mother’s affection. Secondly, in doing so, there is an apparent autoeroticis m linked to his seemingly innocent rocking-horse. Chief in the comprehension of Paul’s longing for motherly affection is having an understanding of Paul’s mother. She is generally a detached woman. Cold by most accounts, even her own, â€Å"only she herself [knows] that at the center of her heart [is] a hard little place that [can] not feel love, no, not for anybody† (Lawrence, 559). Paul’s mother feels the three children are a burden on an already cash strapped and unfulfilling relationship with her husband. Therefore, she is phony and removed where they are concerned. â€Å"She [has] bonny children, yet she [feels] they [have] been thrust upon her, and she [can] not love them [†¦] when her children [are] present, she always [feels] the center of her heart go hard† (Lawrence, 559). Symptoms of post-partum depr... ...nt Psychology: Individual Bases of Adolescent Development. Ed. Richard M. Lerner and Laurence D. Steinber. 3rd ed. Vol. 1. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 576-81. Print Gioia, Dana. "The Rocking-Horse Winner." Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. By X. J. Kennedy. 11th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2010. 556-63. Print. Isaacs, Neil D. â€Å"The Autoerotic Metaphor in Joyce, Sterne, Lawrence, Stevens, and Whitman.† Literature and Psychology. 15th ed. 1965. 98-102. Print. Kazdin, Alan E. "Oedipus Complex." Encyclopedia of Psychology. Vol. 5. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2000. 494-96. Print. Lamson, Roy, et al., eds. â€Å"Critical Analysis of ‘The Rocking-Horse Winner.’† The Critical Reader. Rev. ed. New York: Norton, 1962. 52-6. Print. Widmer, Kingsley. The Art of Perversity. Seattle: Washington UP, 1962. Print.

Biological Criminal Behavior Essay

Biology contributes to killers. As people in today’s society, we are constantly being bombarded with the crazy actions that mankind is capable of. We watch the news and hear about murders, or even read a book about a mysterious killer. As we go through these pieces of reality, one can’t help but be struck by the thought–what causes a person to act so violently? There have been many studies done to try and find an answer. For a crime such as serial killing, there are two thoughts. The first idea is that serial killing is caused by an abnormality in the frontal lobe of the brain. The second idea is that serial killers are bred by circumstance which means they have certain genes also known as the negative gene that makes them prone to becoming a killer. Ted Bundy was a serial killer who had confessed to more than 30 killings but many people believe that the number was actually closer to 100 (Biography.com, 2013). For the most part, Ted Bundy had a somewhat normal besides a few bumps in the road. Theodore Robert Cowell more commonly known as Ted Bundy was born on November 24th, 1946 to Eleanor Louise Cowell (The Predator, n.d.). Because Ted was born out of wedlock, his mother had her parents act like they were Ted’s biological parents. Eleanor Cowell then acted as if she were Ted’s sister. However, there are speculations that Ted was conceived out of an incestuous relationship between Eleanor and her father (The Predator, n.d.). These speculations have never been proven though. When Ted was about four years old, his â€Å"sister†, Eleanor and him moved to Washington State where Eleanor married Johnnie Bundy. Ted Bundy had a fairly close relationship to his grandfather/†father† even though the grandfather suffered from some anger issues. However, there were not any forms of abuse ever reported (The Predator, n.d.). As a teenager, Bundy began spying on women in h is neighborhood as well as breaking in to people’s homes in order to acquire valuables (The Ted Bundy Website, n.d.). In 1966, while attending the University of Washington, Bundy met a woman by the name of Stephanie Brooks and he fell in love with her but their love was not meant to be. In 1968, Stephanie and Ted broke up and consequently, many  if not all of Bundy’s victims resembled Stephanie Brooks (The Predator, n.d.). In 1969, while Ted was in the state of Vermont (where he was born) he found that whom he thought was his sister for so many years was actually his mother (The Predator, n.d.). For most people, the realization of this would probably destroy them mentally, but for Bundy it seemed to have little to no effect (The Predator, n.d.). Around 1974 is when Bundy began slaying innocent women and it was not until 1978 when he was finally arrested for the last time (Crimemuseum.com, 2013). In order to lure his victims in, he would pretend to be injured when a female was passing by and when they came to aide him, he would smash them over the head with a metal pipe or crowbar (Crimemuesum.com, 2013). Bundy was considered to be a sexual deviate as well as a necrophiliac (The Ted Bundy Website, n.d.). Bundy often left his victims in his residence until they started to petrify and he was no longer able to handle the smell while having sexual intercourse with them. Psychopathic individuals display a multitude of behaviors that make up this disorder and can sometimes be readily detected unless the individual is purposely masking these traits. The psychopathic individual is normally incapable of feeling any guilt, remorse or empathy for their anti-social behaviors. They are manipulative with others to further their own goals or desires. These individuals do know the difference between right and wrong but feel that they are exempt from these judgments. They are also very poor in such emotions as love and caring (Schmalleger, 2012). People with psychopathic behaviors are very egocentric and narcissistic because they are unwilling to give up their comfort for the benefit of others, their needs always come first. They generally don’t learn from past experiences and tend to repeat the same failed ideas. They have difficulty in following a life plan like most normal people do. Psychopaths don’t accept that there are or should be consequences for their anti-social behaviors (Schmalleger, 2012). Many psychopaths have trouble holding down steady employment as they are prone to outbursts of anger at their worksite with little provocation. They have trouble with interpersonal relationships  or grasping team concepts. This leads typically to unsteady finances and difficulty finding new jobs. Romantic relationships are especially difficult to maintain if possible at all. They are very good at seeming to be charming and sincere at times. They learn that their own personalities are lacking so they mimic the personalities of those around them to appear normal and to achieve their desires. One of the associated problems with psychopaths is they believe that they can outwit law enforcement officials and will not be caught by them. This may explain one reason why these individuals commit serial crimes (Schmalleger, 2012). Psychopaths do not have delusions or hear voices others don’t hear. They live in the real world and don’t talk to imaginary persons. Even modern day advancements in these disorders have not produced methods to successfully treat psychopaths. In fact the treatments meant to help them deal with this disorder can empower them and many have fooled the medical profession that they are indeed making progress toward recovery when in reality they have not changed at all (National Institute of health, 2011). New research has indicated that there may be methods of identifying traits in pre-adolescent youth that may be treatable before they are adults. The hope is that if these are diagnosed early before adulthood, they can prevent the anti-social behaviors from occurring. Once a psychopathic person reaches adulthood treatments are of little or no use. One study suggests that these behaviors are inherited and developed though a child’s environment. The study found that about 67% of those youths studied inherited traits such as extreme callousness and emotional instability and the environment they grow up in can affect how they deal with these problems (National Institute of health, 2011). Ted Bundy demonstrated various symptoms related to the biological theory of psychology in criminology. Biological theory in crime causation focuses on the human body, evolutionary factors, hormones, inherited genes, and the way the brain has developed (Ministry of Justice, 2009). The psychological issues that Ted Bundy possessed are conditioning, psychopath, antisocial personality disorder, and sublimation. The principle of conditioning for Ted Bundy was the repetition of deadly assaults on young women. The repetition of murders allowed Ted Bundy to perfect his crimes. Psychopath principle consists of someone who has a personality disorder, which transforms into another disorder called anti-social disorder. When Bundy and Stephanie Brooks separated, Bundy was  emotionally and mentally destroyed. Anti-social personality disorder is the patterns of disregard for others. Bundy was very antisocial as a child, which later manifested into a sociopath. The principle of sublimation is the process of consciousness on symbolic substitute for another (Schmalleger, 2012 p. 129). Ted Bundy fantasized about young women, and would continue to have sexual intercourse with the deceased corps until the stench was no longer tolerable. In conclusion, serial killers are biologically different then regular people. They have lower brain functions and are genetically prone to becoming a serial killer. The identifiable related contributors to the biological theory of criminology entail low serotonin, neurological defects, malnutrition, anti-social behavior, and environmental contributors. Serial killers tend to act upon violent actions due to their abnormal brain waves in their frontal lobe and prefrontal cortex. As everyone can see from this research, serial killers kill not because of their upbringing, but because of biology. This is why they are known by many experts as biological disasters. References Biography.com. (2013). Ted Bundy. Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/ted-bundy-9231165?page=2 The Predator. (n.d.). The Predator: Ted Bundy. Retrieved from http://tedbundy.150m.com/main.html The Ted Bundy Website. (n.d.). Bundy’s Childhood. Retrieved from http://students.english.ilstu.edu/smdare/bundy/tedschildhood.html Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3113684/ Schmalleger, F. (2012). Criminology (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

The Sandman

E. T. A. Hoffmann's â€Å"The Sandman† illuminates Freud's theory of the Uncanny. Freud’s understanding of Nathaniel in E. T. A. Hoffmann’s â€Å"The Sandman† is that the Nathaniel’s â€Å"madman† like actions are the result of the return of his suppressed juvenile material. Nathaniel is the protagonist and is convinced that a frightful destiny awaits him. His fear focuses on a threatening old man whom he has understood since infantile to be the â€Å"Sandman†, a monster who takes away the eyes of children who are awake at night. He connects the â€Å"sandman† with Coppelius, a colleague of his father and he incriminates Coppelius in his father's death.As an adult, Nathaniel madness is triggered after having a visitor from what he believes to be the â€Å"sandman† whom in reality is a salesman named Coppola. Freud uses E. T. A Hoffmans â€Å"The Sandman† to describe the idea of repression of childhood complexes. E. T. A. Hoffmann's â€Å"The Sandman† is believed to be â€Å"uncanny† by Freud. Nathaniel believes in the evil â€Å"sand-man† from his childhood. He is not completely mature and has trouble growing up throughout the story. His fiancee Clara tries to help and tell not to let his stories get to him but it only maddens him.Nathaniel wants people to feed into his stories but his stories drive him to be a mad man. He is sent away to recuperate at an asylum. He meets a man named Coppola who he believes to be the evil Coppelius/ sandman. Nathaniel ends up realizing that he is just a man who sells glasses and buys a pair off of him. While he is away he falls â€Å"in love† with an inanimate object named Olimpia and forgets about his fiancee Clara. â€Å" But then he had never had such a perfect listener. † He loves the way Olimpia just sit there and listens to his stories, he falls for her womanly shaped figure. Her beautifully molded features and her sha pely figure compelled general admirations. † Nathaniel ends up destroying Olimipa, which can serve as one of his alter egos, his narcissistic side. He remembers about his lovely Clara and gets â€Å"better† he goes back home to his family but Nathaniel is not better. Clara ends up bringing up a gray bush that she spots which reminds him of the sandman and drives him mad again. He attempts to kill Clara and then ends up jumping and killing himself as well as his alter ego Coppelius.As people began to climb the stairs in order to seixe the lunatic, Coppelius laughed and said: â€Å"Ha, ha- just wait, he’ll soon come down soon by himself† and looked up, like the others. Suddenly Nathanael paused and stood stock still, he went down. Suddenly Nathanael paused and stood stock still he went down perceived Coppelius, and, with a piercing shriek of Beautiful eyes-a! Beautiful eyes- a! ’ he jumped over the parapet. By the time Nathanael was lying on the pavem ent, his head shattered, Coppelius had vanished into the throng. 118) Coppelius can be read to be an alter-ego of Nathanael; the way Hoffman states that Coppelius just vanishes once Nathanael hits the ground makes it seems as if now that Nathanael is not alive neither is the story of the â€Å"sandman† Freud does not believe that the sandman or Olimpia are Nathaniel’s alter-egos. He has other interpretations about what is wrong with Nathaniel. Freud believes that Nathanael’s obsession with the sandman and Olimpia is what someone experiences in adulthood that was repressed from their earlier stages in life.Nathaniel was told the story of the sandman as a little child by his old nurse: don’t you know yet? He’s a wicked man who comes to children when they don’t want to go to bed and throws handfuls of sand into their eyes; that makes their eyes fill blood and jump out of their heads and he throws the eyes into his bag and takes them into the cr esent moon to feed his own children (87) Freud believes that this story triggered the instability of the psych while Nathaniel was young.In the Uncanny Freud states â€Å"everything that ought to have remained hidden and secret, and yet comes to light,† (7) Whenever something reminds Nathaniel of the sandman it triggers him to turn into a â€Å"madman† and he gets lost in his own world. There are different causes that trigger one to go mad. Freud believes that one of the main sources of â€Å"uncanny† has to do with the idea of one being robbed of their eyes. â€Å" Oedipus that mythical-lawbreaker was simply carrying out a mitigated for of punishment of castration. Freud believes Nathaniel was afraid of castration not just loosing his eyes since many cherish both. Oedipus links with Nathanael, both were afraid of loosing a part of them that they both treasure. Nathanael also treasures his mother. Nathaniel seems to only see his mother as â€Å"good†, sh e is the one who protects them and the one that does not want the sandman in the house. â€Å"my mother, kissing and cuddling her darling boy who was thus restored to life. † (91) Nathanael has an attachment to his mother.Nathaniel appears to not like his father and see him as the â€Å"bad† parent. â€Å"I was comforted by the realization that his alliance with the devilish Coppelius could not have plunged him into eternal perdition. † (92) It could be because the father continues to allow the sandman in their home. Freud believes that nothing is ever forgotten and it just stays suppressed in one’s mind until something triggers one to remember. Nathanael’s suppressed memories make his narcissist.The â€Å"double† is the primary source of narcissism in a child. Only in Olimpia’s love do I recognize myself† â€Å"Olimpia had voiced his own thoughts. † This is where Nathaniel’s narcissism returns; Olimipa is a reflec tion of himself. â€Å" The idea of the â€Å"double† does not necessarily disappear with the passing of the primary narcissism, for it can receive fresh meaning from the later sages of development of the ego† (10) Olimpia is the re-birth of Nathaniel’s narcissism ways in which he begins again to be self-absorbed.The Sandman by ETA Hoffman is one of the most well known short stories throughout history. It is very unusual to other short stories. Whether we all agree with Freuds interpretation of the story, Freud makes some good arguments on why the narrator is the way he is. Nathaniel is a troubled individual who ends up taking his own life. No matter which way you take the story he ends up still being a madman.

MONROE Surname Meaning and Family History

MONROE Surname Meaning and Family History Monroe is a Scots Gaelic surname meaning from the mouth of the river. From bun, meaning mouth of and roe, meaning a river. In Gaelic the b often becomes an m - hence the surname MONROE. Surname Origin: Scottish, Irish Alternate Surname Spellings:  MUNROE, MUNROSE, MONRO, MUNRO, MUNREE Famous People with the MONROESurname James Monroe  - 5th president of the United StatesMarilyn Monroe -  American actress (born  Norma Jeane Mortenson)Vaughn Monroe  - American singer, trumpeter and big band leaderBill Monroe - American musicianAlan H. Monroe  - professor; creator of Monroes motivated sequence Where is the MONROESurname Most Common? According to surname distribution from Forebears, the Monroe surname is most common in the United States, where it is popular throughout the nation. It is found in greatest numbers in some of the largest states by population, including Texas, California and New York, as well as North Carolina and Florida. WorldNames PublicProfiler  also identifies Monroe as most common in the United States, including the District of Columbia, North Carolina, Indiana, Alaska, Louisiana, Virginia, Kentucky, Idaho, Michigan and Mississippi. Genealogy Resources for the Surname MONROE Meanings of Common Scottish  SurnamesUncover the meaning of your Scottish last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common surnames from Scotland. Monroe  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Monroe  family crest or coat of arms for the Monroe surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. Munro DNA Surname ProjectIndividuals with the Munro surname and variations such as Monroe  are invited to participate in this group DNA project in an attempt to learn more about Monroe family origins. The website includes information on the project, the research done to date, and instructions on how to participate. MONROE  Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Monroe  ancestors around the world. FamilySearch - MONROE  GenealogyExplore over 1.3  million results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Monroe  surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. MONROE  Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Monroe  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - MONROE  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Monroe. GeneaNet - Monroe  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Monroe  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Monroe  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Monroe  surname from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Alliances of Ww1 Essay

war. The alliances were one of the long-term effects of world war one. All alliances started secretly before world war one but what made it significant is when it was clear after Austria declared war on Serbia, Russia declared war on Germany and Austria and the domino effect started, which in the end led to world war one. However, all these alliances in world war one were intended for defense against the expanding Germany army. While, in world war two the alliances were not used for defense†¦ Militarism- The military grew in competing countries. The contest between Germany and Britain at sea between Germany, France, Russia Alliance System- where big countries stayed together incase of a war. The triple alliance and leaders of big alliances acted reckless towards others. Imperialism- Ruling over a country. European countries ruled smaller countries, and competed with each other. Colonies became known as Imperialism. France and Britain had many colonies in Africa and Asia. Germany†¦ involved. The war drew in all the world's great economic powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies and the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Although Italy had also been a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive against the terms of the alliance. These alliances were both reorganized and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States†¦ Events Leading to WW1 World War 1 was the start of changing times in the early 1900 's. This was a time for countries to draw a line in the sand and make a mark as to who would be the new world order. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was an heir to the country of Austria. Once Ferdinand became ruler, he proposed some policies that didn 't pass over well with the other leaders within Austria. One policy would aim at becoming 16 states rather than have Austria fade into the background of Hungary 's government†¦ by Gavril Principe, a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria-Hungary and member of the Black Hand. The retaliation by Austria-Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare. The war was propagated by two major alliances. The Entente Powers initially consisted of France, the United Kingdom, Russia and their associated empires and dependencies. Numerous other states joined these allies†¦ IMPACTS OF WW1 ON AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY Almost a century has passed but Australia still identifies strongly with the Anzac ‘legend' that emerged during the First World War. Entering the war as a small outpost of the British Empire, no one would have anticipated the courage and tenacity displayed by the Australian troops or the extent to which their war efforts would become the foundation of our national identity. While it lacked large numbers of troops to contribute to the British war effort,†¦ World War 1 (WW1) World War One, the first of two wars which shook the very foundations of the earth. The war was as long as it was brutal, consisting of the world’s greatest powers vied against one another in a brutal, slow conflict. In this war there were the Central and Allied powers, which fought one another for both heroic and selfish reasons. All the while trying to maintain their land and nobilities from being threatened by the other side. The war had many various reasons for beginning,†¦ weapons.† â€Å" Alliances also contributed to the war because when they signed an alliance with another county they gave each other their help if they needed it. Then Austria-Hungary declared war on Russia. Germany declared war on France two days later; they went through Belgium, which was neutral. Great Britain declared war on Germany after France was attacked. Then Austria-Hungary declared war on England and WW1 began†(www.historyonthenet.com). â€Å"The countries that were involved in WW1 that were Central†¦ Impact of WW1 on Russia Social and economic: The war proved an economic disaster for Russia, the direct cost of war rose from 1,500 million roubles in 1914 to 14,500 million in 1918. And this was an expense of the rural or industrial workforce, thus production slumped and in any case in time of war the country needed to be producing more, not less to feed and supply its armies Military problems: Although the Russian government managed to mobilise around 15 million men between 14-17, mainly†¦ Although the alliance between the UK and the USA had been established for many centuries, especially in the shared cause in WW1, it wasn’t until 1944 that the term ‘special relationship’ was used to describe Anglo-American relations. Winston Churchill said in 1944 that â€Å"unless Britain and the United States are joined in a special relationship, another destructive war will come to pass† , this was the foundation of the term ‘special relationship’. After the American Declaration of Independence in†¦

Resistance to Organizational Strategic Change Essay

Resistance to Organizational Strategic Change - Essay Example However the effects of the resistance to organizational change, various ways have been adopted to overcome the resistance. This essay puts into perspective various methods of managing resistance to change through aspects of education, participation, negotiation, facilitation, and coercion. It will further engage in identifying the best strategy to use at a given time, how it is supposed to be used, some of their advantages, as well as the limitations. Opposition to change usually begins with an individual and then spreads to create a faction in the organization (Kavanagh and Ashkanasy 2006). This essay attempts to answer the following questions: 1. What are the strategic developments that BMW has adopted and how can resistance to change be overcome? 2. How can the strategic developments in company be analyzed using the example of BMW? 3. What recommendations can be made in regard to the case scenario of BMW’s strategic developments? BMW is an international motor company that h as engaged in a plan to keep the company top in the industry by making appropriate and timely changes in the organization. The company has gone to the heights of making changes in its operations, staffing as well as in the management to ensure that they conform to the changing trends. Such changes have confronted opposition directly or indirectly. Resistance to organizational change can be overcome through proper policies that involve adequate preparedness and thorough sensitization of all the involved personnel. When confronted with the need for change, there are factors that organizations need to consider before the change is effected. Firstly, the organization should have a prospect of the resistance that is expected from the employees and the organizational system. The organization is composite and therefore, all its facets should be put into consideration before a change can be made. Secondly, it is important to consider the agency of the change in order to plan on how to handl e resistance. Decisions that are urgent and need immediate intervention are supposed to be handled with caution and the resistance handled immediately it immerges. In contrary, long term changes may take more time to implement and may involve extensive consultations. Thirdly, the most accurate information should be available about the change. This facilitates ease adoption and casts any doubt and suspicion. Lastly, it is important to consider the mover of the change relative to the position in the organization (Potter and Schlesinger 2008, pg 1). This is because a junior staff pushing a change alone without the support of the senior staff can be an overwhelming task, it is important that all the employees collaborate in effecting the change. Resistance from the high cadres of the organizational management or indifference can result to failure of the change. Apart from analyzing factors relating to the situation of the change, the rate of the adoption of the change is determined. It is important to analyze the situation carefully if it extensive and is deep. In addition, if the change proves to involve many people and some good amount of information, then it means it will have to be implemented in slow phases. For example, BMW’s change of the board of management structure in 2012 involved extensive consultations across the managers and the stakeholders. The aim of the change was to incorporate a